Nut-lock.



W. P.' THUIVISON.

" NUT LOCK'.

APPLKCATION FLLED MAR. I3, 1914.

Patented July 20, 1915.

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QNVENTOR f the backing oli of the nut, and

lt will be readily seen that decreasing the diameter ot the nut lock in the manner above described greatly increases its resistance to very greatly adds to the power of the loclr over and above the usual resistance of nut locks of this type having only the twist therein.

ln Figs. (i, 7, 8 and t?,k l have shown another form of theV invention in which a similar but augnmented result may be obtained without the taily piece on the washer. ln this form of my invention, l provide the member 10, against which the coned face ot' the Washer seats, with a truncated conical recess l1. Fig. G shows the position of the washer when first seated; Fig. 7 its position after the nuthas been partially screwed up and the twist taken' out of the washer, but without any substantial decrease in its `diameter; and Fig. 8 shows the washer in its completely seated position, wherein it has been closed to a considerable extent until the closing has been stopped by the upright inner face ofthe washer coming in Contact with the bottom o the recess ll, which bottom lies at a right angle to the axis ott' the-bolt.

In Fig. 10, l have shown another way of accomplishing results without 'forming' an integral recessed seat in the bearing member. In this form, l provide the truncated conical recess lfor the, truncated cone face of the washer with the ald of a` supplementary seat or collar l2, which may be ot any suitable external form, and which is rcamed out or otherwise constructed to provide the truncated coni :al recess 13; in this case, the stop to the closing; action of the nut lool: is vi novided by another clamped member, independent ofthe collar l2.

ln thc form shown in Fig. l1, l obtain a similar result by 'forming a truncated cone bearing 14 on thc outer face of the washer, and by providingthe inner end portion of the nut with a truncated conical recess 15 for coaction with the surface il; the bottoni of this recess provides a .stop to the closing action of the nut lock as previously noted.

Fig. 12 shows a forni of the invention in which the locking washer is provided with two truncated conc surfaces l: and l?, a truncated cone shaped recess lll being formed in the bearingr member l? for coaction with the surface lb, while the nut is formed with a truncated cone shaped rc- 20, described and shown in Fig. ll to coact with the surface 1T. In this vloi-m the vvedging and stopping action is distributed between the nut and one of the clamped members. rlhis enables a somewhat shallower recess to be made in the nut and is advantageous because the length ol the threaded hole in the .uut is leltnearly great as it there were no recess.

ln Fig. 13, l hare illustrated a special menace construction of the nut in 'which the length oit the threaded hole may be increased, rather than diminished, as compared with the length ot the threaded hole ot an ordinary nut. rthis is accomplished by providiney the nut with the *flanged portion 21 .at its inner end, the truncated cone shaped recess :3:2l being formed in this flanged portion. This ligurealso shows the wrenchlitting body or" thev nut as hexagonal in shape, thus reducing its long diameter as coini'iared with the, long,` diameter of a square nut. This feature, however, is not essential, as the wrench-litting portion may be made square if desired.

lfigs. il andl l5 show another Jform of the invention, in which the construction is similar to that of Fig. ll; but the truncated cone shaped recess 28 instead of extending to the of the bolt hole, is of annular forni and is separated from ,the bolt by an intervening annnlus 2% of solid niet-al. This annnlus may be internally threaded with a. continuation of the thread ot the nut, thus increasing the length of the threaded bearing. At the same time the location of the recess 23 at substantial distance from the bolt hole gives a greater leverage to prevent the nut from backing; oil. The placing olf the nut loclv bearing at a substantial distance from the bolt hole results advantageously, in that there is no liability of the nut lock overlapping lthe Unthreaded bolt hole in the seat when closed; and, therefore, there is no danger of chan'iiierinf or otherwise damaging the corner of the bolt hole in a way to reduce the ellective bearing of the locking washer.

Fig'. 14- shows the relation of the nut loch to the seat and to the nut after the n ut lock while hin. l5 shows the con'ipletely seated position ot the nut loch aiter the bottom oli the recess has stopped the closing action of the nut lock. f

vv'hile in all the i'ornis illi'istrated. l have shown the recesses which coperatie with the nut lock as ol truncated conical forni, the shape oli these recesses may obviously bc modified in various ways.

lhe,advantages of my invention will be apparent, since it greatly increases the ellicienry oi nut locks ol this general type with very little, ilE any, added cost. 1When used against clamped members such as shown in Figs. l and 2 which are already provided with cbanueled surfaces to coaet with the truncated coni shaped surfaces ot theI washers, there is no necessity for providing any has had the ordinary twist taken out olE it;

kkspecial wiopiratiug means. llVhen these rhanneled surfaces are not present, the truncated roue shaped recesses in the bearing;` member, or in the nut, or both, can be formed at a slight additional expense.

lt will be noted that as the loclving matassa' washer is compressed to decrease its diameter, it is positively resisting away from the corner of the bolt hole in one of the clamped members. This is also a feature of importance. In the use of the ordinary washer the edges of this bolt hole are often damaged, as Well as the thread of the bolt.

It is apparent that the descriptive use of the'conformation of the surfaces of the nut lock or recesses as truncated cone-shaped must not be taken too literally, as the same effect may be attained by curving, or partially curving, these faces, in which case it is only essential that a curved portion ofv suoli a face which is to act as a stop to the closing action of the nut lock shall lie substantially at right angle to the axis of the bolt. It is essential, however, to an em bodiment of my invention that the construe tion utilize the novel feature of providing a means of terminating thedecrease in diameter of the nut lock, AWithout requiring the use of either the body or the threaded portion of the bolt as a stop to such movement.

I claim:

l. In a bolted structure, the combination of amember to be'clamped,a bolt, a nut, and a split spring nut llock interposed between the nut and the said member, said nut lool?. and at least one of the parts between'which it is seated having cooperating cam or Wedging surfaces which effect a radial closing of the lock as the nut is tightened, said lock, when iii-completely loose position havingan internal diameter at least as great as the maximum diameter of the adjacent portion of the bolt plus the maximum of decrease in such diameter that can be effected by the closing action of said cam or wedging scribed.

2. In a bolted structure, the combination of a spring nut lock having substantially parallel opposed;y faces and also having a beveled face which. intersects one of said opposed faces, a nut against which the one of said opposed faces of the nut lock bears, a clamped member which affords a ,bearing surface for one of said opposed faces of the nut lock and another bearing surface for the beveled face of the nut lock, said bearing surface of the clamped member engaging said beveled surface of .the nut lock in such a co-active manner as to prosurfaces substantiallv as de.

duce a slidable shifting of one of the opposed faces of said nut loclr, across the surface against which it bears, as the proximity of the nut and'of said bearing surface of the clamped member is varied.

3. In a bolted. structure, the combination of a. member to be clamped, a bolt, a nut, and a split spring nut lock interposed between the nut andthe said member, said nut lock and at least one of the parts be by the closing 4. Inl a bolted structure, the combination of a member to be clamped, a bolt, a, nut, and a split spring nut lock interposed between the nut and the said member, 'said nut lock and at least one of the parts between which it is seated having coperat-- ing cam or wedging surfaces which effect. a radialrclosing of the lock as the nut is vtightened, and one of the parts, which has a cam or wedging surface,

acting as a stop to any further advance of the nut onV the thread of the bolt before the nut lock grips the bolt, substantially as described.

In a bolted structure, the combination of a member to beclamped, a bolt, a nut, and a split spring nut loch interposed between the nut and the said member, said nut .lock and at leastone of the parts-between which it is seated havingv coperating cam or wedging surfaces which effect a radial closing of the lool: as the nut is tightened, and also having substantially parade lei bearing surfaces for the inner and outer faces of the lock, said faces actirig as a stop to limit theclosing of the lock' before it grips the bolt, substantially as described.

In testimony .Yhereof, I have .hereunto set my hand.

WILLIAM I. THOMSON llVitnesses:

McLnon THOMSON, Roy-AL W Unna.

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